On This Day Nov 20, 1272, Edward I, also known as Edward Longshanks, proclaimed his kingship following the death of his father, Henry III. Edward I’s reign would be characterized by military prowess, legal reforms, and a significant impact on the governance of England.
Notably, upon his father’s death, Edward I was in the midst of the Ninth Crusade. It took him two years to return to England, during which time he had already gained military experience and exposure to international affairs. This period marked the beginning of a reign that would see Edward I play a prominent role in English history, both through his military campaigns and his contributions to legal and parliamentary developments.
Some key aspects of Edward I’s reign include:
Military Campaigns: Edward I was involved in several military campaigns, including the Ninth Crusade and the Welsh Wars. His conquest of Wales culminated with the Statute of Rhuddlan in 1284, which annexed Wales to the Crown of England.
Confrontation with Scotland: Edward I’s attempts to assert control over Scotland led to conflicts, notably the First War of Scottish Independence. The most famous battle of this war was the Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297. However, his campaigns in Scotland faced challenges, and his death in 1307 marked a turning point in the conflict.
Legal Reforms: Edward I contributed to legal reforms and the administration of justice. He convened the Model Parliament in 1295, which included representatives from counties and boroughs. This assembly set a precedent for future parliaments and is considered a landmark in the evolution of English parliamentary institutions.
Building Projects: Edward I was involved in various building projects, including the construction of castles such as Caernarfon and Beaumaris in North Wales.
Image prompt: HISTORICAL prompt by @timetravelr2025 – https://x.com/timetravelr2025/status/1688234471030394880
